Dr. Hossein Mohammadi

Volume 2 Issue 1 | Dec 2025

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Abstract

The agriculture sector is vital to Afghanistan's economy, employing the majority of the population and playing a critical role in rural livelihoods and food security. However, prolonged conflict, political instability, and environmental challenges have hindered its potential to drive economic development and reduce poverty. This study examines the sector's challenges and opportunities, focusing on barriers such as limited access to modern technologies, inadequate infrastructure, water scarcity, and the impacts of climate change. Systemic issues like weak market linkages, insufficient credit access, and disrupted supply chains further exacerbate food insecurity and rural poverty. Despite these obstacles, Afghanistan's diverse agro-ecological zones and farming traditions offer significant potential for transformation through targeted investments and policy reforms. The research highlights strategies such as modernizing agricultural practices, enhancing infrastructure, and promoting capacity-building to improve productivity, sustainability, and economic resilience. Special emphasis is placed on empowering rural communities, particularly women, who are integral to agricultural activities. Recommendations include adopting integrated strategies like improved irrigation, soil conservation, and access to quality inputs. The study concludes that revitalizing Afghanistan's agriculture sector is crucial for the country's sustainable development, offering actionable insights for policymakers and development agencies to address systemic challenges and foster resilience.
Keywords: Agriculture, Afghanistan, Food Security, Rural Development, Sustainability, Economic Resilience